написать эссе с использованием аргументов"за" и "против" по теме "Modern marvels or new nasties?"

1. Вступление – постановка проблемы;
2. Аргументы «за»;
3. Аргументы «против»;
4. Заключение.
Первый абзац – вступление – включает в себя несколько предложений, которые представляют тему и выражают ее двойственный характер.
Можно использовать следующий языковой материал:
People say/ believe that…,
It is said/ believed that…,
According to…,
It is a hot question,
There is a discussion about…
Работая над аргументами, помним, что аргументы «за» и «против» пишем в отдельных абзацах. Сбалансированная аргументация требуется для письменного высказывания данного типа.
Высказывая несколько аргументов «за» или «против», мы ставим их в логической последовательности, соединяя их союзами или союзными словами. Второй, третий аргументы, подтверждая и расширяя первый, водят следующие союзы и союзные слова:
In addition (to this, that),
What’s more,
Moreover,
As well as this
Besides
Apart from the fact that…
Например,
1. Extreme sports are very popular nowadays. (+) (положительныйаргумент)
In addition to this, they are so romantic and thrilling. (+)
What’s more, you will get unforgettable impressions and a lot of exercise.(+)
Moreover, you will get unforgettable impressions and a lot of exercise.(+)
2. Dogs are trained to guard places and find drugs. (+)
As well as this they are kept as pets. (+)
Apart from being trained to guard places, they are kept as pets. (+)
Besides being trained to guard places, they are kept as pets. (+)
3. They say computer games are violent. (-) (отрицательныйаргумент)
In addition to this they can be addictive. (-)
What’s more, they can be addictive. (-)
Moreover, they can be addictive. (-)
Для введения контрастирующих аргументов используютсяследующие союзы и союзные слова: but, however, on the other hand, yet, although, though, in spite of/despite, in contrast.
Например, They say that fewer people read books nowadays. (-)
On the other hand, books still remain one of the most popular presents for birthdays. (+)
Nevertheless, remain one of the most popular presents for birthdays. (+)
However, remain one of the most popular presents for birthdays. (+)
The train is much cheaper than the plane. (+)
Despite/in spite of the fact that the train is much cheaper than the plane, it is relatively slow.(-)
4. В основной части эссе мы также употребляем союзы исоюзные обороты, выражения: so, as a result, therefore, thus, to begin with, firstly (secondly, thirdly), in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, for example, for instance (such as, like).
В последнем абзаце следует обобщить высказанное и сделать заключение: снова пишем предложение, отражающее противоречивость темы, но в то же время, дающее надежду на нахождение компромисса. Если тема позволяет, здесь четко можновыразить свое мнение. Используем выражения: in conclusion, to sum up (finally, therefore), in general, in summary, all in all.
При написании эссе с аргументами «за» и «против» мы помним
1. Используйте формальный язык.
2. Структуры предложений должны быть сложными.
3. Постарайтесь использовать больше безличных предложений.
4. Не употребляйте сокращений (Don’t, there’s, etc.).
5. Давайте примеры, где возможно.
6. Соблюдайте правила орфографии и пунктуации.
Примеры задания:
What can you say for and against:
School uniform
Going on a diet
Watching television
Using Internet
Using cars
Having pets at home
Development of technologies
Electronic money
Internet. For and Against Essay
We live in the age of information technology and nowadays the Internet is nearly as common as the telephone. No doubt that it is a unique invention, which has influenced all areas of our lives. However, some people consider the Internet one of the greatest evils of our time.
On the one hand, the Internet is very useful, because it lets us access a world of facts, figures and knowledge. In addition, with the Internet, it is now possible to speak to friends and relatives any-where in the world cheaply and quickly. Other services are also available through the Internet such as booking tickets or buying things. Moreover, the Internet allows a lot of talented people to show the world their achievements and makes it easier to find a job.
On the other hand, the Internet can become a disaster for our society, because people spend hours in front of their computers and neglect their everyday duties. Another worry is the activities of cybercriminals. For example, hackers can steal your money or even your property while cyberterrorists may ’attack’ the world’s computers, causing chaos, and making planes and trains crash. What is more, leaders of different terrorist or oppositional organizations can use the Internet to find new followers.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that despite the criticisms by some and the fears of others, the Internet seems to have changed our world to the better and we must try to make the best use of it.
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